Capýtulo 50:

 Pasado perfecto y pasado perfecto continuo

Past perfect (past perfect) (pasado perfecto) =  se usa para describir a una acción que ocurrió antes de otra acción pasada.

   pasado                                               *                                                                presente
(acción que paso antes)           (acción pasada)       

Construcción de la oración:

Persona + had + (acción en p. Participio) + inf. + palabra adicional + una oración en pasado simple.

Palabras adicionales: 

Before (bifor) (antes de, antes de que).
When (jwen) (cuando...).
Until (ontil) (hasta).
By the time (bai de taim) (por/en el momento, al tiempo que).
Ex:
He had seen that movie twice before he came to this city.
(ji jad si..n dat movi tuais bifor ji keim tu dis citi)
(él había visto esa película dos veces antes de que el viniera a esta ciudad)
He had told you that when you arrived.
(ji jad told iu dat jwen iu awraivd)
(él te había dicho eso cuando tu llegaste)

We had studied english before we went to u. S. A.
(ui jad studid inglis bifor ui went tu iu. Es. Ei.)
(nosotros habíamos estudiado inglés antes de que fuéramos a u. S. A)

He hadn´t given you the papers before you came here.
(ji jadent given iu de peipers bifor iu keim jir)
(el te había dado los papeles antes de que vinieras aquí)

Had we seen them before they saw us?.
(jad ui si..n dem befor dei sou os?)
(habíamos nosotros visto a ellos antes de que ellos nos vieran?)

Past perfect continuous (past perfect continius) (pasado perfecto continuo) = se usa para describir y recalcar la continuación de una acción que ocurrió antes de otra acción pasada.

                                                          pasado                                              presente
Acción que paso antes.                                                                          la acción continua...
               *                                             *

Construcción de la oración:

Persona + had been + acción en presente con terminación en "ing" + palabra adicional + oración en pasado simple.

Palabras adicionales = before, when, until, by the time.
Ex:
She had been studying french for 6 months when she decided to study english.
(shi jad bi..n studing french for six monds jwen shi disaidid tu studi inglish)
(ella había estado estudiando francés por seis meses cuando ella decidió estudiar inglés)

You had been eating a lot before my mother arrived at the kitchen.
(iu jad bi..n i..ting a lot bifor mai moder awraivd at de kitchen)
(tu habías estado comiendo un monton antes de que mi madre llegara a la cocina)

Advanced 1 english practice, unit 7
"past perfect and continuous"

Complete the sentences below as it is required in the parenthesis:

1) We ___________(habíamos estudiado) english before we went to u. S. A.
2) He ______________(no había dado) you the papers before you came here.
3) You _____________(habías estado) eating a lot before my mother arrived at the kitchen.
4) She ____________(no había estado) studying french for 2 years

Question words and tag questions with present perfect and past perfect (palabras interrogativas y preguntas de confirmación con presente perfecto y pasado perfecto)

Preguntas interrogativas con presente perfecto:

Ex:
I have worked in that company for many years because that was what I wanted to do.
Who has worked in that company for many...?.
R = i have.

What have I done in that company for many...?
R = i have worked.
Where have I worked for many years because...?
R = in that company.

How long/how much time have I worked for many in that company because...?
R = for many years.

Why have I worked in that company for many years?
R = because that was what i wanted to do.

Ex:   
He has been studying english for 2 years.

Who has been studying english for 2 years?
R = he has.

What has he been doing for 2 years?
R = studying.

What has he been studying for 2 years?
R = english.

How long has he been studying english for?
R = for 2 years.

Preguntas interrogativas con pasado perfecto:

Ex:
He had seen the movie twice before she saw it.

Who had seen the movie twice before...?
R = he had.

What had he done twice before she saw it?
R = he had seen.

What had he seen twice before she saw it?
R = the movie.

How many times had he seen the movie before...?
R = twice.
Ex:
We had been studying maths before he did it.

Who had been studying maths before...?      
R = we had.

What had we been doing before...?
R = we had been studying.

What had we been studying before...?
R = maths.

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